Twisted Pair
Advantages
Being the oldest method of data transmission, trained manpower to repair and service this media of communications are easily available.
In a telephone system, signals can travel several kilometers without amplification when twisted pair wires are used.
These media can be used for both analog and digital data transmission. The bandwidth depends on the thickness of the wire and the distance travelled, but several megabits per second can be achieved for a few kilometers in many cases.
It is the least expensive media for transmission for short distances.
If a portion of a twisted-pair cable is damaged, the entire network is not shut down as it may be the case with coaxial cable.
Disadvantages
Easily pick up noise signals which results in higher error rates when the line length exceeds 100 meters.
Being thin in size, it is likely to break easily.
It can support 19,200 bps up to 50 feet on RS-232 port.
Shielded wire is used in an electrically noisy environment to limit the effects of noise absorption. Twisted – pair wiring is more commonly used for LAN media. The twisted pair version of Ethernet is designated as 10BASE-T, in which 10 refers to the Ethernet rate of 10 Mbps.
Twisted pair cabling comes in several varieties. In computer networks, two of these are important. Category 3 twisted pair’s cable consists of two insulated wires gently twisted together. Four such pairs are typically grouped together in a plastic sheath for protection and to keep the eight wires together. Another more advanced category, 5 twisted pairs were introduced. They are similar to category 3 pairs, but with more twist per centimeter, which results in less crosstalk and better quality signal over longer distances, making them more suitable for high speed computer communication
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